Description: This presentation will discuss the prevalence of obesity in the United States; the genetic, environmental, and cultural factors that contribute to obesity; the financial costs associated with obesity; the pathophysiology of obesity-related disorders; and the psychosocial aspects of obesity.

Objectives:

• Define obesity
• Describe the incidence and prevalence of obesity
• Identify the genetic, environmental, and cultural factors of obesity
• Recall the financial costs of obesity, the pathophysiology of obesity-related disorders and the psychosocial aspects of obesity

Description: Review the components of a medical history and physical exam, including relevant laboratory and diagnostic tests, for patients with obesity. A diagnostic reference guide will be provided.

Objectives:

• Assemble a complete obesity-related history and physical
• Select appropriate tests: lab, radiology, and other assessments
• Recognize rare adipose disorders
• Recall questionnaire and guideline resources

Description: Review the post-operative anatomy and its impact on nutrition; appropriate laboratory evaluation techniques for post-operative patients; vitamin deficiencies and replacement therapies; post-operative medication adjustments; and immediate and long-term post-operative complications and therapies.

Objectives:

• Define types, risks, and benefits of the different weight-loss surgery (WLS) procedures
• Describe pre-operative medical assessment and preparation
• List complications
• Determine post-op medical management
• Employ nutritional management
• Describe adolescent surgery
• Summarize WLS/pregnancy

Description: Learn how to perform a comprehensive behavioral assessment; tailor individual treatment and target problem areas for change; use tools to assess readiness for change and resistance, including the Transtheoretical Model; and employ motivational interviewing techniques. In addtion, become familiar with different types of behavioral therapy and lifestyle approaches; understand the efficacy of meal replacements for weight loss and maintenance; and understand the critical components of maintenance.

Objectives:

• Identify obesity-related neruological principles
• Define common obesity-related behavioral problems
• Name eating disorders
• List body image disorders
• Name mood, anxiety, personality disorders
• Define sleep disorders
• Identify treatments for specific behavioral problems
• Define psychological therapies
• Name pharmacologic therapies

Description: Learn about the mechanisms of action, indications, contra-indications, and side effects for each of the currently available FDA-approved anti-obesity agents. Review the drug combinations that may be used for obesity treatment.

Objectives:?

• Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacology, and Pharmacokinetics
• Risks, Benefits, and Adverse Effects
• Indications/Contraindications
• Monitoring and Follow-up
• Prescription Dose and Frequency
• Drug-Drug, Drug-Nutrient, Drug-Herbal Interactions
• Off Label Usage/Over-the-counter (OTC)
• Multi-drug/Combination Therapy
• Management of Drug-Induced Weight Gain
• Effect of Comorbid Conditions
• Alternative, Emerging, and Investigational Therapies

Description:  Review the complexity of weight control at the CNS level; the peripheral hormones that assist with weight regulation; the CNS hormones that control energy balance; the path of signaling from the hypothalamus; first and second order neurons; the function of orexigens and anorexigens at the CNS level; and genetic obesity disorders and their relationship to hormones.

Objectives:

• Recognize the complexity of weight control at the CNS level
• Name the peripheral hormones that assist with weight regulation
• List the CNS hormones that control energy balance
• Outline the paths of signaling from the hypothalamus, 1st and 2nd order neurons
• Discuss the function of orexigens and anorexigens at the CNS level
• Discuss genetic obesity disorders and their relationship to hormones
• Recognize the emerging science on the intestinal microbiome and its effect on weight regulation
• Discuss the impact of disordered sleep on metabolic parameters
• Name the functions of different types of body fat and the impact of their distribution
• Discuss obesity-related co-morbidities

Description: Learn about strategies to manage obesity prevention, age-related metabolic changes, weight plateaus, maintenance, and other relevant guidelines.

Objectives:

• Age-related treatment
• Prevention of obesity and weight gain
• Define risks associated with excessive weight loss
• Management of a weight plateau
• Management of co-morbid conditions during weight loss
• Recognize the effect of weight loss on co-morbid conditions
• Recall adult treatment guidelines

Description: Learn about the differences among physical activity, exercise, and non-exercise activity thermogenesis; basic science of musculoskeletal anatomy and physiology; the role of non-weight-related benefits of an active lifestyle, including a significant reduction in coronary artery disease and all-cause mortality; and the evidence involving physical activity and its role in weight loss and weight-loss maintenance.

Objectives:

• Distinguish differences between physical activity, exercise, and non-exercise activity thermogenesis
• Recall muscle anatomy and exercise physiology
• Interpret current evidence involving physical activity and its role in weight loss, weight maintenance, and reduction in all cause mortality
• List the components of an exercise history, basics of creating an individualized exercise prescription, and risks involved with exercise

Description: Review the concepts of daily energy requirements, including the function, significant food sources, relevant deficiency, and excess symptoms of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Compare and contrast different types of dietary prescriptions, including each of their advantages, disadvantages, and necessary precautions.

Objectives:

• Define macro and micronutrients 
• Recall GI sites of nutrient absorption
• Explain obesity-related vitamin and mineral metabolism (Ca, PTH, B12, Vit D)
• Describe macronutrient diet composition and effects on body weight and metabolism

Description: Review the concepts of daily energy requirements, including the function, significant food sources, relevant deficiency, and excess symptoms of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). Compare and contrast different types of dietary prescriptions, including each of their advantages, disadvantages, and necessary precautions.

Objectives:

• Calorie and micro/macro nutrient 
• Very low calorie diet
• Meal replacement
• Effect on co-morbid conditions
• Pediatric guidelines (not covered in this slide deck - see pediatrics slide deck)

Description: Learn how to recognize weight bias and stigma. In addition, learn how to recognize and address issues, policies, and office protocols related to treating the patient with obesity. Review the current guidelines available for adult obesity treatment.

Objectives:

• Recognize weight bias, stigma, and discrimination
• Address the issues and office policies and protocols related to treating the patient affected by obesity
• Recognize the current guidelines and algorithms for adult obesity medicine treatment

Description:  Learn about age-related components to obesity diagnosis, including: the use of body mass index (BMI) charts, discussions with parents, lab evaluation, special considerations for families, past medical history, review of systems, and physical examination. Review the most common age-specific co-morbidities and their relationships to coding for reimbursement. Gain an understanding of evidence-based treatment for pediatric obesity and the recommended resources available for healthcare providers, children, and families.

Objectives:

• Define epidemiology and risk factors for childhood obesity including environmental influences
• Discuss evaluation and treatment of a child affected by obesity

Description:  Learn about age-related components to obesity diagnosis, including: the use of body mass index (BMI) charts, discussions with parents, lab evaluation, special considerations for families, past medical history, review of systems, and physical examination. Review the most common age-specific co-morbidities and their relationships to coding for reimbursement. Gain an understanding of evidence-based treatment for pediatric obesity and the recommended resources available for healthcare providers, children, and families.

Objectives:

• Explain the 2007 Expert Committee Recommendations and flow charts in detail
• Discuss evaluation and treatment of a child affected by obesity

Description:  Join the Review Course speakers for a lightning-fast Q&A to review sample test questions.

Description: Learn about self-directed mindset changes that will promote calm expertise in growing a practice.

Description:  Learn how to identify psychiatric conditions and eating disorders in patients with obesity, and understand how these conditions may interfere with obesity treatment. Learn about available tools you can employ to help address psychiatric problems and eating disorders during obesity treatment. Find out when you should refer your patient to a mental health or eating disorder specialist.

Objectives:

• Understand the psychosocial burden of obesity
• Appreciate the role of psychosocial factors in determining appropriateness for weight loss treatment
• Understand the psychosocial changes that occur with weight loss

Description:  Learn about new developments in bariatric surgery, such as a more aggressive Roux-en-Y and SIPS (stomach intestinal pylorus-sparing surgery). In addition, understand the FDA’s recent warning on gastric balloons.

Objectives:

• Assess comparative short-term efficacy
• Assess comparative long-term efficacy when available
• Assess adverse events
• Identify principles to guide most appropriate use

Description:  Learn how to evaluate patient readiness and abilities for safely and effectively incorporating aspects of physical activity into treatment.

Objectives:

• Review the impact of sedentary behavior
• Describe physiologic adaptations with regular physical activity
• Examine the impact of regular physical activity on obesity and obesity-related complications
• Prescribing physical activity

Description:  World-renowed nutrition expert, Dr. Michael Ozner, will discuss the benefits, risks, practical implications, and other relevant clinical information for the Mediterranean diet.

Objectives:

• Discuss the role of the Mediterranean diet in improving cardiometabolic health, achieving weight control and increasing longevity
• Review the clinical trials that support the Mediterranean diet
• Cite the key components of the Mediterranean diet that favorably impact long-term health

Description:  World-renowed nutrition expert, Dr. Andreas Eenfeldt, will discuss the benefits, risks, practical implications, and other relevant clinical information for the ketogenic diet.

Description:  Get your questions about the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets answered by these world-renowed nutrition experts.

Description:  

• Identification of Individuals with Rare Genetic Disorders of Obesity through Genetic Testing and Phenotypic Characterization: Design and Methodology - Rodayne Williams, BA
• Healthcare Utilization among Male Active Duty U.S. Army Soldiers - Brian Shiozawa, MD, MHA
• Improving Obesity Treatment in Primary Care - Sherlyn B. Celone-Arnold and Eric D. Peterson, EdM, FACEHP, CHCP

Description:  Tom Willner documented his journey as a patient with cancer in a musical. A main theme of his musical is empathy — understanding the patient's point of view. This theme resolnates in the field of obesity medicine because patients with obesity have likely experienced stigma, bias, loss, and even poor treatment by some healthcare providers. This presentation will include discussions coupled with songs along the theme of clinical empathy and truly understanding each patient's unique experience.

Objectives:

• Identify at least 2 ways healthcare professionals can help their clients/patients when dealing with the psychosocial and social/emotion aspects of a diagnosis
• Name 2 different coping mechanisms that patients/families may use to cope with their diagnosis
• State the definition of clinical empathy (and how it differs from sympathy)

Description:  Become more comfortable incorporating medications for obesity-related diseases into treatment. Dr. Harold Bays will describe conditions related to obesity for which there are therapeutic options and delve into the prescribing details for some of these medications.

Objectives:

• Understand obesity as a disease that causes metabolic and cardiovascular diseases
• Knowledge of supplements and over-the-counter anti-obesity therapies
• Summarize anti-obesity therapies as stated in the Obesity Algorithm

Description:  Learn about heterogeneity in obesity treatment and the benefits and limitations of predicting individual responses to obesity treatment with nutritional, physical activity, pharmacologic, behavioral, and surgical interventions.

Objectives:

• Describe the heterogeneity of response to various obesity treatments
• Identify factors associated with favorable treatment outcomes
• Characterize the future challenges and opportunities regarding precision medicine approaches for treatment of obesity

Description:  The Pediatric Obesity Algorithm® was first introduced in 2016 and has since gone through an intensive review and update for 2018. Learn what's new in the second version of the Pediatric Obesity Algorithm.

Objectives:?

• Use the OMA Pediatric Algorithm as a resource when developing treatment plans for children and adolescents

Description:  The measurement of body mass index (BMI) has contributed to the recognition of obesity as a major public health problem. However, in many situations, BMI has become the sole diagnostic criterion for defining overweight and obesity and indicating the need for intervention. Should BMI be the primary measure of obesity? Understand both points of view as each presenter debates his perspective — one supporting the use of BMI as the diagnostic tool for obesity and the other in favor of the opposite.

Description:  Patty Nece is a noted patient advocate for those affected by obesity. Dr. Scott Kahan treated her for obesity. Together, they will share their story and discuss ways in which patients can advocate for themselves, especially when faced with stigma, bias, and discrimination.

Objectives:

• Appreciate the prevalence and significance of weight bias in healthcare settings and society
• Become aware of your own implicit biases
• Identify opportunities to address weight bias in your healthcare settings and community

Description:  Dr. Ethan Lazarus and Dr. Fatima Cody Stanford are OMA’s representatives in the American Medical Association's House of Delegates and were heavily involved in the recent passage of the resolution regarding standards of care for patients with obesity. Together, they will discuss their work with the AMA and how you can engage in advocacy for the recognition and treatment of the disease of obesity.

Objectives:

• Learn about OMA's advocacy role at the American Medical Association
• Understand recent resolutions that have been pass by the AMA regarding obesity
• Discover the importance of both of the individual and the group in advocacy efforts